[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":781},["ShallowReactive",2],{"hub-cause-index":3,"hub-cause-cultural-identity":734},[4,10,16,22,27,33,38,45,51,55,60,65,69,74,77,81,86,92,98,103,107,112,115,121,125,128,131,136,141,146,150,154,158,162,166,169,174,179,184,187,192,194,196,199,203,207,210,214,218,221,225,228,232,237,242,247,250,252,255,258,261,264,269,271,278,280,284,287,292,295,297,300,303,306,309,314,318,324,327,331,335,338,340,344,347,351,354,357,361,365,367,369,371,376,378,381,383,386,390,392,394,396,400,402,405,408,412,415,418,422,426,429,433,436,438,440,443,449,452,456,458,460,462,467,473,475,477,480,482,486,491,495,497,499,504,507,511,515,517,519,523,526,529,536,543,548,550,555,558,564,566,568,570,574,579,581,583,587,589,592,594,599,605,607,613,615,622,627,634,640,642,646,649,655,659,661,665,668,672,674,676,681,684,686,689,691,693,698,701,706,709,711,715,717,722,724,727],{"causes":5},[6,7,8,9],"Diaspora affairs","Accountability","Women in politics","Media",{"causes":11},[12,13,14,15],"Political leadership","Cultural preservation","Sovereignty & independence","Women's leadership",{"causes":17},[18,19,20,21],"Education","Pan-Africanism","Women's rights","Cultural identity",{"causes":23},[24,20,25,26],"Anti-apartheid","Political freedom","Democracy",{"causes":28},[29,30,31,32],"Climate justice","Environmental activism","Youth leadership","Lake Chad crisis",{"causes":34},[35,36,37,18],"Technology","Computer Science","Women in STEM",{"causes":39},[40,41,42,43,44],"Girls' education","Merit over ethnicity","Women in science","Peace and reconciliation","Protection of civilians",{"causes":46},[47,48,49,50],"Representation","HIV awareness","Women's visibility","Beauty & fashion",{"causes":52},[20,53,18,54],"Health","Advocacy",{"causes":56},[57,7,58,59],"Human rights","Women's activism","Anti-police brutality",{"causes":61},[62,63,15,64],"Anti-apartheid activism","Healthcare rights","Political rights",{"causes":66},[67,68,14],"Anti-colonial activism","Spiritual leadership",{"causes":70},[71,72,19,73],"Literature","Feminism","African identity",{"causes":75},[76,12,20,30],"Science",{"causes":78},[53,79,80,42],"Public health","Medical heroism",{"causes":82},[83,84,85,15],"Sustainable development","Global governance","Climate policy",{"causes":87},[88,89,90,91],"Military leadership","Political power","Women's sovereignty","Trade expansion",{"causes":93},[94,95,96,97],"Sahrawi self-determination","Nonviolent resistance","Human rights documentation","Political prisoners' rights",{"causes":99},[100,101,102],"Pan-African independence","Women's political power","Equal access to medicine",{"causes":104},[40,105,106],"Artistic freedom","African culture on the world stage",{"causes":108},[20,109,62,110,111],"Judicial reform","Women's economic empowerment","Constitutional development",{"causes":113},[64,114,63,67],"Women's suffrage",{"causes":116},[20,117,118,119,120],"Development and poverty reduction","HIV/AIDS response","Rule of law","African representation in global governance",{"causes":122},[26,25,123,124],"Youth activism","Arab Spring",{"causes":126},[71,20,127,21],"Freedom of expression",{"causes":129},[57,119,130,15],"Civil society",{"causes":132},[133,76,134,135],"Agriculture","Women in academia","Food security",{"causes":137},[138,139,26,140],"Anti-apartheid resistance","Women's political leadership","Arts & culture",{"causes":142},[71,143,144,145],"Racial justice","Women's identity","Exile and belonging",{"causes":147},[13,127,148,149],"Women's health education","Defiance of social convention",{"causes":151},[152,101,153],"Independence","Grassroots organizing",{"causes":155},[156,20,157,7],"Journalism","Peace",{"causes":159},[160,49,161,47],"Sports","Athletics",{"causes":163},[164,165,20,18],"History","Gender studies",{"causes":167},[21,24,20,168],"Music",{"causes":170},[171,18,172,173],"Women's rights in literature","Immigrant experience","Social justice",{"causes":175},[176,177,79,178,139],"National independence","Women's equality in liberation movements","Pan-African women's solidarity",{"causes":180},[181,57,182,183],"Sport & empowerment","Bodily autonomy","Gender equality",{"causes":185},[13,186,19],"Cultural diplomacy",{"causes":188},[189,190,64,191],"Women's education","Anti-pass law resistance","Religious & social welfare",{"causes":193},[72,71,183,73],{"causes":195},[160,49,161,47],{"causes":197},[64,114,18,198],"Anti-colonialism",{"causes":200},[76,201,37,202],"Geophysics","Natural resources",{"causes":204},[205,20,206,19],"Anti-colonial resistance","Scholarship & literature",{"causes":208},[181,183,209],"Peace & reconciliation",{"causes":211},[212,213,18,57],"Gender-based violence","Children's rights",{"causes":215},[88,198,216,217],"Berber sovereignty","Women's power",{"causes":219},[67,220,57,20],"Nationalist politics",{"causes":222},[79,223,224,15],"Anti-corruption & transparency","Consumer protection",{"causes":226},[114,227,25],"Women's education and literacy",{"causes":229},[138,64,230,231],"International solidarity","ANC activism",{"causes":233},[234,42,235,236],"Healthcare","Child health","Ophthalmology",{"causes":238},[239,240,241],"Maternal health","Ending female genital mutilation","Training midwives",{"causes":243},[244,245,19,246],"Theatre","Children's education","African literature",{"causes":248},[139,64,249],"Economic reform",{"causes":251},[12,57,15,186],{"causes":253},[12,26,254,20],"Post-conflict reconstruction",{"causes":256},[138,20,257,18],"Community organising",{"causes":259},[12,14,260],"Religious leadership",{"causes":262},[249,20,18,263],"Grassroots organising",{"causes":265},[266,267,268],"Ndebele art and cultural heritage","Women in the arts","Teaching tradition to new generations",{"causes":270},[18,260,13],{"causes":272},[273,274,275,276,277],"Environmental conservation","Ending the charcoal trade","Renewable energy","Pastoralist livelihoods","Women in peacebuilding",{"causes":279},[62,57,20,173],{"causes":281},[282,57,119,283],"International justice","War crimes accountability",{"causes":285},[18,286,134],"Library Science",{"causes":288},[289,290,291,13],"Women's representation in literature","Publishing & education","Post-war reconstruction",{"causes":293},[294,20,18,47],"Legal rights",{"causes":296},[249,15,18,173],{"causes":298},[76,299,37,18],"Physics",{"causes":301},[140,49,302,47],"Nollywood",{"causes":304},[64,67,189,305],"Labour rights",{"causes":307},[114,64,189,308],"Northern Nigeria women's rights",{"causes":310},[311,312,313,49],"Film","Arts and culture","African storytelling",{"causes":315},[20,183,316,40,317],"Pan-African integration","Democratic governance",{"causes":319},[320,321,322,323,198],"Malagasy independence","Amnesty for political prisoners","Women's political participation","Malagasy culture and language",{"causes":325},[213,18,20,326],"Peace & humanitarian work",{"causes":328},[18,329,134,330],"Mathematics","Leadership",{"causes":332},[15,183,333,334,110],"Local governance","Urban development",{"causes":336},[337,7,15,130],"Governance",{"causes":339},[26,15,57,130],{"causes":341},[89,342,343,15],"Trade","Architecture",{"causes":345},[57,20,119,346],"Anti-death penalty",{"causes":348},[349,20,350],"Healthcare for the displaced","Peace and clan reconciliation",{"causes":352},[138,57,353,119],"Parliamentary opposition",{"causes":355},[20,176,18,356],"Feminist organising",{"causes":358},[322,359,26,360],"Diplomacy","Development",{"causes":362},[363,110,364],"Environmental sustainability","Plastic waste reduction",{"causes":366},[294,18,134,330],{"causes":368},[20,67,62,18,19],{"causes":370},[140,18,244,49],{"causes":372},[373,374,375],"Freedom from slavery","Dignity of trafficking survivors","Faith and service",{"causes":377},[67,20,183,18],{"causes":379},[12,20,26,380],"Economic development",{"causes":382},[212,57,209,20],{"causes":384},[14,385,205],"Diplomacy & military strategy",{"causes":387},[388,15,389,337],"Economic policy","Finance",{"causes":391},[68,67,14,13],{"causes":393},[26,64,57,119],{"causes":395},[12,18,14,15],{"causes":397},[140,13,398,399],"Women's recognition","Traditional craft",{"causes":401},[205,14,68],{"causes":403},[404,20,254,64],"Peace activism",{"causes":406},[138,139,407,305],"Pass laws",{"causes":409},[71,410,140,411],"Women's voices","Publishing",{"causes":413},[380,15,337,414],"Public finance",{"causes":416},[311,47,417,20],"Anti-colorism",{"causes":419},[322,420,198,189,421],"Press freedom","African feminist literature",{"causes":423},[139,424,189,425],"Mende unity","Diplomatic mediation",{"causes":427},[18,428,134,330],"Chemistry",{"causes":430},[431,119,432,15],"Women in the judiciary","Protection of civilians in conflict",{"causes":434},[24,18,79,435],"Democratic reform",{"causes":437},[385,15,14],{"causes":439},[322,263,67,220],{"causes":441},[171,18,442,173],"Polygamy & marriage law",{"causes":444},[445,446,447,448],"Women's welfare","Rural development","First Lady legacy","Beauty and culture",{"causes":450},[213,173,451,15],"Legal reform",{"causes":453},[454,455,109],"Women's legal rights","Ending marriage by abduction",{"causes":457},[67,14,13],{"causes":459},[140,49,302,47],{"causes":461},[62,186,19,20],{"causes":463},[138,464,127,465,466],"Black women's voices in publishing","Black-owned publishing","Documenting township life",{"causes":468},[469,470,471,472],"Sacrifice","Community protection","Women's courage","Yoruba heritage",{"causes":474},[205,14,15],{"causes":476},[67,206,20,18],{"causes":478},[138,479,57,25],"Literature & free expression",{"causes":481},[189,206,260,13],{"causes":483},[322,26,484,485],"Social development","First ladies' activism",{"causes":487},[488,489,490],"Women in sport","Olympic leadership","Youth empowerment through sport",{"causes":492},[72,20,493,494,25],"Anti-FGM","Secularism",{"causes":496},[205,12,14,15],{"causes":498},[67,14,68],{"causes":500},[501,502,503],"National liberation and independence","Women in political leadership","Peace, stability and clean government",{"causes":505},[140,506,302,49],"Health awareness",{"causes":508},[249,509,15,510],"Transparency & anti-corruption","Global trade & development",{"causes":512},[513,514,13,18],"Art","Women empowerment",{"causes":516},[62,63,139,19],{"causes":518},[14,205,12,385],{"causes":520},[18,521,522,380],"Anti-corruption","Good governance",{"causes":524},[72,525,20,71],"Anti-racism",{"causes":527},[311,528,20,313],"Humanitarian work",{"causes":530},[531,532,533,534,535],"Women's economic independence","Indigenous African commerce","Women's political authority","Market regulation","Dispute resolution",{"causes":537},[538,539,540,541,542],"Women's empowerment","HIV/AIDS awareness","National unity","Niger Delta environmental justice","Artists' rights",{"causes":544},[20,545,546,105,547],"Against forced marriage","Against polygamy","Economic empowerment of women",{"causes":549},[20,12,183,18],{"causes":551},[552,553,15,554],"Truth & reconciliation","Trauma & healing","Psychology & social justice",{"causes":556},[89,90,88,557],"Cultural legacy",{"causes":559},[560,561,562,563,531],"Women's safety","Ending FGM","Ending forced marriage","Shelter for survivors of violence",{"causes":565},[140,49,302,47],{"causes":567},[67,322,64,14],{"causes":569},[57,26,15],{"causes":571},[138,572,64,573],"Journalism & free press","Academic freedom",{"causes":575},[43,576,322,577,578],"Disarmament","Democratic elections","Refugee resettlement",{"causes":580},[140,49,168,47],{"causes":582},[359,15,404,12],{"causes":584},[205,20,585,586],"Refugee support","Independence struggle",{"causes":588},[12,26,79,20],{"causes":590},[21,18,591,19],"Resilience",{"causes":593},[205,385,68,14],{"causes":595},[596,597,598],"Genocide remembrance","Literature as testimony","Dignity of refugees and women",{"causes":600},[601,42,602,603,604],"African food security","Bioscience capacity in Africa","Sustainable pest management","Smallholder farmers",{"causes":606},[140,49,302,47],{"causes":608},[609,322,610,611,612],"Women's access to education","Social welfare","Educational equity","Disability rights",{"causes":614},[12,79,20,26],{"causes":616},[617,618,619,620,621],"Women in sacred music","Preservation of mbira tradition","Cultural resistance","Zimbabwean liberation","Mentoring female musicians",{"causes":623},[234,624,625,626],"Pharmaceuticals","Women in business","Entrepreneurship",{"causes":628},[629,630,631,632,633],"Abolition of the death penalty","Prisoners' rights","Legal education for the incarcerated","Fair sentencing","Rehabilitation of ex-prisoners",{"causes":635},[636,637,638,639,573],"African feminism","Decolonisation of law","LGBTQ+ rights","Ending sexual harassment",{"causes":641},[139,209,249,26],{"causes":643},[644,645,40],"Women's health","Family planning",{"causes":647},[14,205,12,648],"Military strategy",{"causes":650},[42,651,652,653,654],"Affordable cancer treatment","Nanotechnology in Africa","Clean water","Mentorship of African researchers",{"causes":656},[157,488,657,658],"Refugee rights","Youth empowerment",{"causes":660},[213,183,18,20],{"causes":662},[330,663,664],"Nation-building","Indigenous heritage",{"causes":666},[140,49,667,47],"Afrobeats",{"causes":669},[133,670,134,671],"Economics","Public service",{"causes":673},[206,127,20,173],{"causes":675},[21,15,19,168],{"causes":677},[678,679,680],"Equal citizenship for women","Human rights and access to justice","Indigenous land rights",{"causes":682},[683,173,183],"Environmental rights",{"causes":685},[57,119,64,20],{"causes":687},[24,688,25,15],"Human rights law",{"causes":690},[67,20,64,57],{"causes":692},[683,26,20,521],{"causes":694},[18,695,696,697],"African scholarship","Women in research","Gender equity",{"causes":699},[493,20,57,700],"UN advocacy",{"causes":702},[703,704,20,705],"Global health","Inequality","HIV/AIDS",{"causes":707},[62,64,708,15],"Black liberation",{"causes":710},[67,14,12],{"causes":712},[234,20,713,714],"Community development","Family legacy",{"causes":716},[15,385,13],{"causes":718},[719,539,720,538,721],"Malaria eradication","Children's welfare","Adult literacy",{"causes":723},[388,15,337,360],{"causes":725},[57,20,726,337],"Conflict & sexual violence",{"causes":728},[729,730,731,732,733],"Black LGBTQIA+ visibility","Ending hate crimes","Trans rights","Queer archives","Reclaiming Black identity",[735,745,755,763,772],{"name":736,"slug":737,"image":738,"country":739,"born":740,"died":741,"era":742,"summary":743,"causes":744},"Adelaide Casely-Hayford","adelaide-casely-hayford","/women/adelaide-casely-hayford.jpg","Sierra Leone",1868,1960,"Colonial","Sierra Leonean educator, Pan-Africanist and women's rights advocate who founded a vocational school for girls at a time when girls' education was considered unnecessary. She spent decades teaching African women that their culture, identity and intelligence were things to be proud of, not erased.",[18,19,20,21],{"name":746,"slug":747,"image":748,"country":749,"born":750,"died":751,"era":752,"summary":753,"causes":754},"Assia Djebar","assia-djebar","/women/placeholder.svg","Algeria",1936,2015,"Modern","Algerian novelist and filmmaker born Fatima-Zohra Imalayen in Cherchell. The first Algerian woman admitted to the Ecole Normale Superieure in Paris, she wrote about Algerian women's silenced histories, war, colonialism, and identity. Elected to the Academie Francaise in 2005.",[71,20,127,21],{"name":756,"slug":757,"image":748,"country":758,"born":759,"died":760,"era":752,"summary":761,"causes":762},"Brenda Fassie","brenda-fassie","South Africa",1964,2004,"South African pop icon known as 'MaBrrr' and the 'Madonna of the Townships.' Her hit 'Weekend Special' (1983) broke barriers as the first Black South African pop song to chart internationally. She was a voice of anti-apartheid resistance and lived openly in a conservative society.",[21,24,20,168],{"name":764,"slug":765,"image":766,"country":767,"born":768,"died":769,"era":742,"summary":770,"causes":771},"Sara Forbes Bonetta","sara-forbes-bonetta","/women/sara-forbes-bonetta.jpg","Nigeria",1843,1880,"Born Aina in Yorubaland around 1843, she was orphaned in the Dahomey slave raids, then given to Queen Victoria as a gift by King Ghezo of Dahomey. She became a remarkable figure in Victorian England, educated and cultured, yet always defined by her origins. Her life illuminates the complexity of African identity under colonialism.",[21,18,591,19],{"name":773,"slug":774,"image":775,"country":776,"born":777,"died":778,"era":752,"summary":779,"causes":780},"Umm Kulthum","umm-kulthum","/women/umm-kulthum.jpg","Egypt",1898,1975,"Egyptian singer known as the Star of the East and the most famous Arab singer of the 20th century. Born around 1898 in a small Delta village, she rose to become a cultural icon whose concerts lasted four to six hours. Her funeral in 1975 drew four million mourners, a crowd larger than that for Nasser.",[21,15,19,168],1789043695729]